Minnesota · Minors · Updated April 2026

MN minor employment: strict caps, work permit required.

Minnesota's minor employment rules under Minn. Stat. § 181A govern when, where, and how long workers under 18 can work. The rules are tiered: 14-15-year-olds face the strictest restrictions, 16-17-year-olds have moderate restrictions, and 18+ face no minor-specific limits. Employment certificates are required for minors under 16 in many roles. St. Paul has a separate minor wage subminimum (85% of the small-employer rate, currently $12.75 as of July 2025). On top of state and city rules, the federal Hazardous Occupations Orders prohibit minor work in dangerous activities.

14-15 Cap
3 hrs/school day
16-17 Cap
8 hrs/day
Authority
Minn. Stat. § 181A
Active

Minor Employment Configuration

Routes minors by age tier (14-15, 16-17). Validates daily/weekly hour caps and time-of-day windows. Tracks employment certificate where required. Applies St. Paul minor wage where applicable.

Block schedule outside age-tier window
Block schedule in federally hazardous occupation
Flag · St. Paul minor wage 85% rule
Always running

What those rules do at scheduling and at clock-in.

The hero card configuration: Block on age-tier and HOO violations, Flag on St. Paul minor wage.

Block · schedule outside age-tier hour cap or time-of-day

Each age tier has strict daily and weekly hour caps plus time-of-day windows. Schedule attempts outside the applicable window fail to save. The system enforces the correct tier rules per worker.

Block · schedule in federally hazardous occupation

Federal Hazardous Occupations Orders (HOO) prohibit minor work in: mining, manufacturing of explosives, motor vehicle driving as part of work, roofing, excavation, demolition, and similar dangerous activities. Schedule attempts in HOO categories fail to save.

Flag · St. Paul minor wage 85% rule

Workers ages 14-17 in their first 90 days at a St. Paul employer may be paid 85% of the small-employer rate. Effective July 1, 2025, this is $12.75/hr. The minor rate adjusts each July 1 alongside other St. Paul tier adjustments.

Skip the configuration

Deploy Minnesota minor employment in your Teambridge.

Tell us about your Minnesota workforce. We'll spin up age-tier scheduling templates, employment certificate tracking, federal HOO list enforcement, St. Paul minor wage routing, and 21 other Minnesota policies in a sandbox tenant.

Or book a 30-min walkthrough. We respond within 4 business hours.

The rule, plainly stated

Tier-based caps + employment certificate + federal HOO + St. Paul minor wage.

Minnesota's minor rules are stricter than the federal Fair Labor Standards Act for 14-15-year-olds and roughly track FLSA for 16-17. The state break mandate for minors (per Minn. Stat. § 177.253-254) was clarified in the 2026 break update to apply universally.

Minn. Stat. § 181A — Minnesota Child Labor Standards: No minor under 18 years of age shall be employed except in accordance with the daily and weekly hour limitations and time-of-day restrictions established by this chapter and applicable Department of Labor and Industry regulations.

14-15 year olds — strictest tier

Workers age 14-15 face the strictest restrictions: maximum 3 hours per school day, 8 hours per non-school day, 18 hours per school week, 40 hours per non-school week. Time-of-day window: 7 AM to 9 PM during the school year (extended to 9 PM is already MN's standard, unlike NJ's 7 PM during school year). Cannot work during school hours. Cannot work in hazardous occupations under federal HOO list. Manufacturing and most construction-adjacent work prohibited.

16-17 year olds — moderate restrictions

Workers age 16-17 have more flexibility: maximum 8 hours per day, 40 hours per week (school weeks may be limited further by school district policy). Time-of-day window: typically 5 AM to 11 PM on school nights, with greater flexibility on non-school nights. Some additional flexibility for emergency work or specific industries. Federal Hazardous Occupations Orders still apply.

On autopilot

Teambridge enforces minor employment rules across age tiers, certificates, and HOO list.

The age-tier-driven scheduling rules plus federal HOO plus St. Paul minor wage combine to make MN minor employment one of the more configuration-heavy compliance areas.

01 · Age tier classification at hire

14-15 / 16-17 / 18+ assigned.

When a minor is hired, the age tier is captured. Each tier triggers a different scheduling template with applicable caps and time-of-day windows.

02 · Employment certificate validation

Work permit on file for under-16.

Schedule attempts for workers under 16 require an employment certificate on file. The certificate is matched to the employer and tracked through the school year.

03 · HOO list enforcement

Hazardous occupation match → block.

Each minor's role is checked against the federal Hazardous Occupations Orders list. Roles in HOO categories (mining, roofing, excavation, etc.) trigger Block.

04 · St. Paul minor wage routing

85% rate applied for first 90 days.

Minor workers in St. Paul during their first 90 days earn 85% of the small-employer rate ($12.75 effective July 2025). After 90 days, standard tier rate applies.

Free · No commitment

Still evaluating? Get a free Minnesota compliance audit.

Send us your existing Minnesota scheduling and pay configuration. Our compliance team returns a written audit within 5 business days — every Minnesota-specific exposure ranked by risk and back-pay liability.

FAQ

People also ask.

What are MN's hour caps for 14-15 year olds?
3 hours per school day, 8 hours per non-school day, 18 hours per school week, 40 hours per non-school week. Time-of-day: 7 AM to 9 PM during the school year. Cannot work during school hours.
What about 16-17 year olds?
8 hours per day, 40 hours per week (school weeks may be further limited by district policy). Time-of-day window typically 5 AM to 11 PM on school nights with more flexibility on non-school nights. Federal HOO still applies.
Are work permits required in MN?
Generally for workers under 16. The employment certificate is issued by the worker's school. Certain types of work (newspaper delivery, casual yard work, agricultural work for parents) are exempt.
What's the St. Paul minor wage?
Workers ages 14-17 in their first 90 days at a St. Paul employer may be paid 85% of the small-employer rate. Effective July 1, 2025: $12.75/hr (85% of $15.00). The minor rate adjusts each July 1.
Does the state training wage apply to minors?
It can — for workers under 20 in their first 90 consecutive days. The state training wage is $9.31 (2026). For workers in St. Paul, the St. Paul minor wage ($12.75) is more favorable and applies instead.
What hazardous occupations are off-limits?
Federal HOO list: mining, logging, sawmills, manufacturing of explosives, motor vehicle driving as part of work, roofing, excavation, demolition, certain power-driven machinery, and similar dangerous activities. Federal preemption — MN cannot loosen these protections.