Vermont . Anti-Discrimination . Updated April 2026

Vermont's Fair Employment Practices Act: Universal Coverage at 1+ Employee

The Vermont Fair Employment Practices Act (FEPA) prohibits employment discrimination based on a broad range of protected characteristics. Notably, it applies to all employers with at least one employee, extending protections beyond federal thresholds like Title VII. Vermont's FEPA includes unique categories such as age 18+, HIV status, and crime victim status, reflecting a comprehensive approach to workplace equity.

Employee Threshold
1+ Employee
Key Categories
Age 18+, HIV Status
Statute
21 V.S.A. § 495
Active

VT Fair Employment Practices Act

Prohibits discrimination in employment based on specified protected characteristics.

Prohibit Discrimination
Ensure Equal Opportunity
Always running

What those rules do as a Vermont shift is created.

The Vermont Fair Employment Practices Act (FEPA) establishes baseline protections for all employees from the moment of hiring through termination. Teambridge's compliance engine integrates these protections to prevent discriminatory practices from occurring at any stage of employment.

Prohibit Discriminatory Hiring

FEPA prevents discrimination in job advertisements, applications, interviews, and hiring decisions based on protected characteristics like age 18+, HIV status, or gender identity.

Ensure Equal Treatment & Pay

The Act mandates equal pay for equal work and prohibits discrimination in compensation, promotions, job assignments, and training opportunities across all protected classes.

Prevent Discriminatory Termination

FEPA prohibits termination or any adverse employment action based on an employee's protected characteristics. This includes ensuring fair processes for disciplinary actions.

Get compliant in Vermont, today.

The rule, plainly stated

Vermont Fair Employment Practices Act (FEPA)

The Vermont Fair Employment Practices Act (21 V.S.A. § 495) is a state law that prohibits discrimination in employment based on various protected characteristics. It applies to all employers in Vermont, regardless of size, if they employ at least one individual.

21 V.S.A. § 495. Unlawful employment practices

(a)(1) It shall be unlawful for any employer, employment agency, or labor organization to discriminate against any individual because of race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, place of birth, age, or disability, genetic information, HIV status, or because the individual is a crime victim, as defined in 13 V.S.A. § 5301.

(2) The provisions of this subsection shall apply to all employers, employment agencies, and labor organizations.

Protected Characteristics Under FEPA

Vermont's FEPA offers robust protections, encompassing categories that often exceed federal standards. These include, but are not limited to, race, color, religion, national origin, sex (including pregnancy), gender identity, sexual orientation, ancestry, place of birth, age (distinctly set at 18 years and older, unlike the federal ADEA's 40+ threshold), disability, genetic information, HIV status, and crime victim status. This broad scope ensures a comprehensive anti-discrimination framework for Vermont employees.

Employer Obligations and Prohibited Actions

Under FEPA, employers are prohibited from discriminating in all aspects of employment, including hiring, firing, promotions, compensation, job assignments, and other terms and conditions of employment. This means employers cannot make decisions based on an individual's protected characteristics. Furthermore, the Act prohibits harassment based on these characteristics and requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations for employees with disabilities, unless doing so would cause undue hardship.

On autopilot

How Teambridge keeps you compliant with Vermont's FEPA.

Teambridge automates the complex requirements of the Vermont Fair Employment Practices Act, ensuring your hiring, scheduling, and employment practices remain compliant without constant manual oversight. Our system is pre-configured to understand and apply FEPA's broad protections at every relevant touchpoint.

01 . Hiring & Onboarding

Bias-Free Job Postings & Reviews

Teambridge's tools help you craft job descriptions free from discriminatory language and review applicant data to flag potential biases, ensuring all hiring decisions align with FEPA's non-discrimination mandates.

02 . Employee Management

Fair Treatment & Opportunity

The platform monitors for equitable distribution of tasks, training, and promotion opportunities, ensuring employees are not disadvantaged based on protected characteristics like age 18+, gender identity, or HIV status.

03 . Accommodation & Leave

Support for Protected Statuses

Teambridge assists in managing reasonable accommodation requests for disabilities and ensures that leave policies (including those related to pregnancy or crime victim status) are administered without discrimination, adhering to FEPA.

04 . Termination Processes

Non-Discriminatory Separation

When employment ends, Teambridge guides you through compliant termination procedures, documenting reasons and ensuring decisions are not based on any protected characteristic, thereby mitigating FEPA violation risks.

FAQ

People also ask.

What is the employee threshold for Vermont's Fair Employment Practices Act?
The Vermont Fair Employment Practices Act (FEPA) applies to all employers with at least one employee. This is a significantly lower threshold than many federal anti-discrimination laws, which often apply to employers with 15 or more employees.
What characteristics are protected under VT FEPA that are unique or broader than federal law?
Vermont FEPA includes several protected characteristics that are unique or broader than federal law. These include age (18 years and older, compared to the federal ADEA's 40+), ancestry, place of birth, gender identity, sexual orientation, HIV status, genetic information, and crime victim status.
Does FEPA cover discrimination based on pregnancy?
Yes, discrimination based on pregnancy is covered under the "sex" category within Vermont's Fair Employment Practices Act. Employers are prohibited from discriminating against pregnant employees in any aspect of employment.
Are employers required to provide reasonable accommodations under FEPA?
Yes, FEPA requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations for employees with disabilities, as long as doing so does not impose an undue hardship on the employer's business operations. This aligns with federal ADA requirements but applies to employers with just one employee.
What constitutes a "crime victim" under FEPA?
Under FEPA, "crime victim" is defined by 13 V.S.A. § 5301. This protection ensures that individuals who have been victims of a crime are not discriminated against in employment based on their status as a victim.
Can an employee file a complaint under FEPA?
Yes, employees who believe they have been subjected to discrimination in violation of FEPA can file a complaint with the Vermont Civil Rights Unit of the Attorney General's Office or the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).